The detainees, all militants with the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), were netted in police operations in 70 addresses across Istanbul, state-run Anadolu agency said.
It said the detainees included the suspect who detonated a bomb-laden vehicle by a remote control on Thursday as a military shuttle bus passed near a military post in Istanbul's Asian neighborhood of Samandra, Xinhua reported.
Five soldiers were among the injured in the bombing attack.
Turkey's security forces have been fighting against PKK militants, who are seeking autonomy in the country's southeast, since July last year.
The PKK is listed as a terrorist organization by Turkey, the United States and the European Union.