President Rouhani, who has made the trip at the official invitation of his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin, arrived in the Russian city of Ufa on Wednesday night.
The president was welcomed by a number of senior Russian officials, including Head of the Republic of Bashkortostan Rustem Khamitov.
The two summits are highly important to Iran both economically and politically, Rouhani said on Wednesday before departing for Russia.
The Iranian chief executive is going to have a tight schedule during his two-day stay in Ufa, according to Parviz Esmaili, the deputy for communications and information at the president's office.
On the first day, President Rouhani will take part in the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) summit as a special guest and will also deliver a speech, he noted.
The president is also scheduled to address the SCO summit as a keynote speaker on the second day, Esmaili went on to say.
Among Rouhani's other plans in Russia will be holding bilateral meetings with heads of a number of SCO and BRICS members.
Beside the SCO and BRICS summits, Ufa will also host a simultaneous meeting of members of the Eurasian Economic Union.