Tensions are high in occupied territories following a wave of violence that has killed 201 Palestinians and 28 Israelis since October.
The blockade was decided after "an evaluation of the security situation", a military spokesperson told AFP without giving specifics.
Tel Aviv regularly closes off access to the occupied territories for Palestinians during major Jewish religious festivals, though exceptions will be made for humanitarian and medical cases, the spokesperson added.
Thousands of Jewish pilgrims flock to al-Quds (Jerusalem) and other holy sites during the eight-day holiday of Passover, which commemorates the Jewish exodus from Egypt in Biblical times.
Earlier this week, a suicide bus bombing in al-Quds wounded 20 people. The Palestinian Islamic Resistance group Hamas claimed responsibility.
Many analysts say Palestinian frustration with Israeli occupation and settlement-building in the West Bank have fed the recent unrest.