In the meeting on Monday, the Syrian prime minister said Damascus tries to remove obstacles to the implementation of the agreements it has signed with Tehran.
Syria welcomes projects that would serve the interests of the two nations, Khamis added.
For his part, Velayati, an adviser to Leader of the Islamic Revolution Ayatollah Seyed Ali Khamenei, called for stronger economic ties with Syria, expressing the hope that the Arab nation would restore its unique place.
He also announced that Iranian First Vice-President Eshaq Jahangiri will soon visit Syria for talks on the bilateral relations.
Velayati visited Lebanon before travelling to Syria for a series of political talks.
He held a meeting with Syrian Foreign Minister Walid al-Muallem on Monday, during which the two sides reaffirmed commitment to working in cooperation in the fight against terrorism.