The 22-year-old defender has joined the Turkish club on a three-year contract.
Hosseini will wear No. 5 in Trabzonspor.
Hosseini came off the bench in the match against Morocco and was in starting line-up for the matches against Spain and Portugal in Group B of the 2018 World Cup.
The former Esteghlal defender has joined his countryman Vahid Amiri in Trabzonspor.
Trabzonspor has reportedly looks to sign Iranian defender Morteza Pouraliganji.