The documents were signed during a meeting between Iranian First Vice-President Eshaq Jahangiri and Syrian Prime Minister Imad Khamis in Damascus.
Nine MoUs were signed by Iranian and Syrian officials in the presence of Jahangiri and Khamis and the two also signed a cooperation agreement and an MoU.
The documents cover a wide range of cooperation areas, including mapping, cinema, education, combating money laundering and terrorist financing, rail transport, housing and public utilities, and culture.
Heading a 40-strong delegation, Jahangiri arrived in Damascus on Monday on a two-day visit to hold talks with senior officials of the Arab country.
Iran is a key ally of Syria as the Islamic Republic has been providing military advisory assistance to Damascus in its anti-terror campaign.
Jahangiri said in June that Iran would stand by Syria in the reconstruction projects of the war-stricken country.