Igor Kolakovic’s men defeated their European rival 25-21 in the first set but lost to them in three consecutive sets (25-18, 25-20, 25-22).
Iran had defeated Poland in five sets 3-2 (25-20, 21-25, 18-25, 25-17, 15-8) when the two teams met in the Preliminary Round in Iran in week 3.
Amir Ghafour led Iran with 22 points and Bartosz Bednorz score 24 points.
Iran will face Brazil in a must-win game early Saturday.
Team Melli will advance to the semifinals if beats Brazil.
Brazil started the campaign with a 3-2 loss to Poland.
Russia, France and USA are in Pool A.