Two people were injured and approximately 10 were missing, Ednar Dayanghirang, director of the regional civil defense agency, told DZRH radio, Reuters reported.
Authorities suspended search and rescue operations due to continuing rains in a residential area for small-scale miners, he said.
Heavy rains and floods have affected more than 187,000 people in four provinces in the Davao region, data from the national disaster agency show.
Landslides and floods are frequent in the Philippines, an archipelago of more than 7,600 islands that is hit by about 20 tropical storms annually.