The summit, organized by the Organization of Islamic Cooperation and the Arab League, will focus on rallying support for Qatar and condemning the crimes of the Zionist regime.
The emergency meeting will be held in the Qatari capital on Sunday and Monday.
Iran will be represented at a high level, with Pezeshkian among the leading figures delivering speeches.
The Iranian president is scheduled to address the gathering, denouncing Israeli aggression and expressing solidarity with Qatar.